perform the operation of cross product on two vectors represented in Cartesian form in three-space [i.e., using ], determine the magnitude of the cross product (i.e., using ), and describe applications of the cross product (e.g., determining a vector orthogonal to two given vectors; determining the turning effect [or torque] when a force is applied to a wrench at different angles) Sample problem: Explain how you maximize the torque when you use a wrench and how the inclusion of a ratchet in the design of a wrench helps you to maximize the torque.